The demands constantly change with varying outside and inside temperatures, wind and solar load, etc. It would have been foolish and wasteful indeed to tear down the interior plaster walls and insulate better, tear out the windows and replace them with double pane and install an efficient HVAC system. Thanks for clearly illustrating the importance of a 24-hour temperature cycle when considering thermal mass. In many circumstances, this is considered acceptable. All that is to say, don’t worry too much about the color of your floor, or by putting a floor covering over your slab that makes you more comfortable and happy. Radiometer vs Spectrometer vs Spectroradiometer Often, the recommended straight run is not available at the site to create the ideal flow profile. However, understand that as you increase either R or the thermal mass, you increase the amount of time the house will take to respond to a temperature difference. Radiant heated floors perform best when there is nothing to slow the transfer of heat, like wood or cork flooring, but again, the effects aren’t so pronounced that you should fret about it. Phase-change materials used in construction are usually some type of paraffin or wax. Curt, That means that a mass wall with more than half the R on the interior is required to have a substantially HIGHER whole wall value than a stick built wall (R17 rather than R14), but if at least half the insulation is on the exterior it can be modestly lower-R (R13 rather than R14.) Night-time cooling, however, may require that buildings are unoccupied during the night, and so may be more suitable for an office building than for a hospital, and as the building regulations become more strict, so the performance differences between lightweight and heavyweight buildings are becoming more blurred. Are Affordable Ground-Source Heat Pumps On the Horizon? A fresh look at fresh air requirements for indoor spaces. Mid to high density fiber insulations increase in R with lower outdoor temps. During the peak of summer, thermal mass can be a mixed blessing. We get vast diurnal swings out here at 4,800 feet elevation (Northern AZ). The specific heat capacity of building materials varies. Response to Derek Roff While …, What is a heat pump? It's definitely NOT a geometric or exponential fit, more of a linear fit to the average, but the noise coefficients are large. They build them "leaky" so they can breathe. Daytime sun can rise 22c to 40C or more - far too hot. The trick is to make sure that you have the right type of glazing, the right amount of glazing, and the right roof overhang -- so that the heat gain occurs at the times of the year when you want the heat. The energy that can be stored and released during the change of state occurs over a very narrow range of temperature. For zone 5 mass walls are specified as R13/R17, so the R13 only applies if half or more of the insulation is on the EXTERIOR, and R17 is required if more than half is on the interior, which is the converse of Martin's interpretation. and lighting activities. What is…, The flat plate solar thermal collector from Viessmann has a modulating collector to prevent overheating. We then retire to our north facing lounge where the temperature is a more comfortable 22-25C. This applies to something as simple as a cup of hot coffee - a very hot cup will drop its first 10 degrees much faster than it will drop ten degrees when it's only lukewarm. Bias against thermal mass There are also more complex design strategies that use thermal mass, such as thermal labyrinths and other ground energy options. In Houston, researchers trying to come up with a solution to high indoor humidity problems had good success by simply installing a $250 stand-alone dehumidifier somewhere in the house. In your climate, it isn't possible to build a house that doesn't require a heating system. These cookies do not store any personal information. Here is a link to an article with more information: Reassessing Passive Solar Design Principles. Natural light for large scale offices and warehouses. LEDs are very affordable now with a lot of options, see our page on LED filament bulbs Thermal mass layers must be in good contact with the interior of the building in these walls. This might imply that advantages of high thermal mass could be even more significant, with levels of insulation higher than R-17, as many of us would prefer. During an extended heat wave, you’ll win for the first couple of days as the cool mass absorbs heat from the air, but you will probably find the average temperature creeping up a little everyday if it's a long one. In most cases, this is a good thing, from a comfort perspective, in the given designs. Same claim was often made for other underground/earth-sheltered homes. There actually IS method to the madness in the IRC prescriptions, since with higher interior R on a mass wall uses more energy in a zone 5 climate, as noted. Read her about smart home devices for energy efficient automated home design. I suppose what I am also asking is if there may be too much thermal mass with Earthbag walls? A thermal power plant is different from hydro power plant, where energy (kinetic and potential) of water is converted into electrical energy. I also don't mind the vast indoor temperature swings. Anywhere and anytime mechanical cooling is required but the time periods we're talking about here are measured in hours, thermal mass can work really well and can often eliminate the need for mechanical cooling. Thermal mass acts like a battery to store and release heat. Comfort too Curiously, that's at variance with TABLE N1102.1.3, using the whole-wall U-factor method, where U0.057 (R17 whole-wall) would be required for low mass construction, but U0.82 (R12 whole-wall) with half or more of the insulation on the exterior, or U0.065 (R15) for mass walls with more R on the interior. Annual energy summaries are useful, but I'm often concerned about worst case scenarios in my design work. 2. Excellent article. And to address the rest of your questions, I think that's an awesome list so I’m copying and pasting to go through it point by point, and I’ll add thoughts and comments and pertinent links, though some you may have already read. ICF companies are also prone to mentioning (without qualifying) the 40F center temp R values of EPS rather than the 75F number. With any luck, the temperature will warm up to -30°F before long. For one thing, you can't even buy a furnace small enough to match the Manual J load on a well insulated house. Since I have effectively no sensible load most of the summer, even with the ever-tightening house the place still needs dehumidification (especially in the basement where there's an as-yet uninsulated slab), and the $250 standalone dehumidifier does the trick (to the tune of a measured >300kwh/year- it's a significant plug load.) Solar heat can be collected, stored and distributed later as needed. The advantage of the high mass wall is greater in all locations for an R-17 wall than for an R-9 wall. Since the desired straight run is predicated on the pipe diameter, obtaining the recommended distances for large duct runs can be challenging; making it difficult to achieve an accurate measurement. Ted, Does anyone have any thoughts or experience with this? What's never stated in the ICF literature is that in order for the foam to average 40F in an 50/50 ICF, the temp of concrete would have to average 40F. 2. The January average minimum temp is 59.2 F, and Av. Seasonal thermal storage This saved energy for one main reason - older houses weren't built anywhere close to the energy-efficiency standards of today, so maintaining a lower constant temperature during the day did in fact save a lot of energy, and for the following reason: The rate of heat loss increases as the temperature differential between two environments increases, and it does so in something of a bell curve.
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