Hence, the term architecture does not literally apply to the enterprise in the same way as it has been traditionally applied to technical systems. The SABSA methodology was designed for integration with TOGAF based on its objective of developing security architectures that facilitate the business (SABSA, 2011). As a general rule, based on our analysis of the EA failures in the previous section, it makes sense to seek a middle ground between the extremes on each gauge. The Federal Enterprise Architecture Framework (FEAF), defined and published in 1999 under the authority of the Federal Chief Information Officers Council, [39] uses the term application to represent the concept of a system as defined in federal regulations on information resources management. Based on the generic meaning of the term architecture, we analyze the various facets of applying the term to an enterprise context. INFORMATION DIRECTIVE . This is basically what this book is about: proposals to take action. The CMM effect is more on the Transformation gauge. We wish you as much pleasure reading it as we had writing it. Copyright © 2020 Elsevier B.V. or its licensors or contributors. How do you build a foundation for execution? Comprehensive summary of the book Enterprise Architecture as Strategy. The benefit of EA 2.0 in guiding transformation is summed up in the Dashboard assessment in Figure 8-26. These building blocks are the cornerstones of Collaborative Enterprise Architecture. Table 4.1. Then we outline Building Blocks 4 through 6 (see Table 1-3) in detail. Why Collaborative Enterprise Architecture? I browsed the book "Enterprise Architecture as Strategy" by Jeanne W. Ross, Peter Weill and David C. Robertson quite a few times, never quite making my mind about it. Summary - Article - Benefiting from alliance portfolio diversity: the role of past internal knowledg... Summary Strategy & Organization Lectures and Seminars premaster BA UvA, Summary Corporate Strategy - Master Strategic Management RU. Enterprise architecture (EA) is a discipline with a much larger scope than data warehousing. Our answer to these questions is to introduce lean, agile, and participation concepts into EA. o Organizing logic for business processes and IT infrastructure reflecting the An EA is typically a large body of work, with many company-wide specifications with which teams building both manual and automated systems within the organization must align. Frameworks for enterprise architectures have been adopted to help organize design thinking about business scenarios and business goals including their security-specific architectures (Zachman, 1987, 2012; TOGAF, 2009). Before delving into the details of our improvement building blocks, Part I of the book first explores in detail what EA is. There is one more fundamental distinction of EA that should be noted here. It therefore needs a common language and a consensus on words and their meanings. Reference models can therefore be used to capture patterns of security activity that are reusable assets in enterprise architecture. This article was developed with the purpose of proposing certain principles that must drive an enterprise architecture initiative. - IT infrastructure and digitized business processes automating a company’s core - IT engagement model This allows a security architect to determine the relationship of a system with business architecture and determine potential avenues of attack and what can go wrong. Consequentially, data warehousing teams must support EA goals in their project requirements and designs, and EDW team leaders will need to vet their high-level designs with the enterprise architects. But there always was wide room for improvement, and tendencies to the one or other caricature described in the previous sections were always perceptible. The Open Group Architecture Framework (TOGAF), for example, recognizes the importance of security design early on in a project life cycle and has provided a significant move toward including security in the design of enterprise architecture (SABSA, 2011). Enterprise architecture management (EAM) is a structured approach that an enterprise uses for creating, managing, and using enterprise architecture to align business and IT. Sometimes this is deliberate, with an elitist mindset that considers only high-level decision makers, such as the CxO and the immediate next-level management, worth talking to. And why can't that complexity be managed well by a traditional top-down, up-front planning approach? Adopt evolutionary problem solving instead of blueprinting the whole future rigidly on a drawing board. Security is considered in the Information System Architecture phase (phase C) in TOGAF (TOGAF, 2009). Enterprise architecture (EA), then, is loosely defined as the architecture of a system where the system is the whole enterprise. Description. In contrast to the traditional architecture practices, which primarily look at pure technical systems such as a bridge, a car, or a plane, EA deals with a socio-technical system. None of these materials devotes much attention to information security management or risk management, although the reference models acknowledge risk management and mitigation as agency management functions [32]. All four of the layers comprising the Federal Enterprise Architecture Framework—business, data, applications, and technology—relate to the design, development, and operation of federal information systems. Enterprise architecture as a business strategy, Business Research Techniques for pre-master (Book, sheets and articles). Executive Summary. Chapter 8, “Inviting to Participation: EA 2.0,” has a similar structure. These are collectively referred to as the architecture blueprint. Unfortunately, the enterprise architectural plans can be challenging to support should the EA group be actively updating its artifacts while the warehouse is undergoing design and construction. Having examined the state of the art in EA, we come to our improvement proposals in Part II of the book, which consists of Chapters 6 through 8Chapter 6Chapter 7Chapter 8: Chapter 6, “Foundations of Collaborative EA,” comes back to the three guidelines for collaborative EA we stated earlier: the application of lean, agile, and Enterprise 2.0 concepts to EA. We establish a theoretical foundation to reason out these questions. How much is it acceptable to inconvenience in using security measures? tightly align the enterprise architect role and function with corporate strategy, program management and strategy evaluation lifecycles. Collaborative EA Building Blocks 4 Through 6, Based on Enterprise 2.0 Practices, Building Block 6, Participation in Transformation, for instance, shows a neat way to close the ubiquitous, awkward breach between enterprise architecture and implementation reality. This idea can be summed up in two main challenges: How can we structure EA activities on a day-to-day basis in order to master a demand-driven workflow at all levels of operation and achieve a holistic result? Gartner predicts the number of these practitioners will grow considerably. The enterprise architects of a company maintain a list of prioritized, aligned initiatives and road maps defining the present and future of the company: [EA presents] business and IT leaders with signature-ready recommendations for adjusting policies and projects to achieve target business outcomes … [and] steer[s] decision making toward the evolution of the [desired] future state architecture. Enterprise architecture wants to be a scout and companion in touching a running system, and Building Block 6, Participation in transformation, shows how Enterprise 2.0 can be an ally in fulfilling this role more effectively. Figure 8-26. We encourage you to use this book as a toolbox. The position of enterprise architecture in IT management. What is the baseline for those current security- specific business processes? How to determine the assets at risk if something goes wrong, that is, what is being protected, How to determine the costs both in terms of qualitative and quantities of asset loss in case of failure. Enterprise architecture informs risk management by defining mission and business functional segments of the organization and identifying information systems and other resources that support those segments. Understanding scope and governance is important, because clearly, if parts of the organization can do what they like, then there is little value in an Enterprise Architecture. Focused on the important topics which will come back in the exam. Figure 2-2. It is based on the dimensions of EA complexity introduced in the previous sections. Table of Contents The people element brings complex behavioral attributes into the functioning of an enterprise in the same way as it turns a house into a home. This does have an effect on the approach of this book, too. Practicing lean and agile methods means welcoming change, planning and executing incrementally, and focusing on structured human interaction instead of channeled reporting lines. March and Simon (1958) define enterprises as complex systems comprising individuals or groups that coordinate actions in pursuit of common goals. Enterprise architecture (EA) is the representation of the structure and behavior of an enterprise's IT landscape in relation to its business environment. Table 1-3. PROCEDURE. Why are agents likely to be a threat? EA provides strategic plans for standardizing, integrating, and optimizing the company’s overall processes for delivering goods and services to customers. Is it likely that the trader in debt will take greater risks than the trader with no debt? Enterprise Architecture standards are used for quality assurance of the Enterprise Architecture. In Chapter 4, “EA Frameworks,” we describe the most well-known frameworks for structuring EA tasks and organizing an EA practice. Use quiz questions to test whether you know the subject matter. Other practice areas, such as strategic planning, investment management, project management, and infrastructure management, must be equally strong and fully integrated with the EA practice. With a brief reference to management, organization, and evolution theory, we arrive at the Edge of Chaos concept that we have already outlined briefly. Why foundation for execution important? One of the key aspects of Enterprise Architecture in general and data modeling in particular are the issues of scope and governance. … when “real” businesspeople are confronted with them. This phase involves assessing the baseline for the current security-specific architecture elements. Enterprise Architecture In The Strategic Planning Lifecycle. The EA Dashboard as a yardstick for effective EA. Offer documents and quizzes together as a bundle and sell more. The main motivation … How can we elicit the participation of all, in particular the ground-level stakeholders, to balance the helicopter view and the ground-level perspective? The change management microblog (CMM) goes beyond enterprise architecture in its vision of how social software platforms can help manage a huge technical system like the enterprise IT landscape on an operational level. We do not want to appear like a bunch of notorious bickerers: We also came across many enterprises in which a neat EA practice indeed showed its benefits. Structure of these principles. But since it landed on the next desk, I decided to take the bull by the horns. This idea further leads us to introduce the EA Dashboard that combines the EA caricatures from the preceding section with the Edge of Chaos concept. Progressive organizations must look beyond traditional approaches and . 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